Expression of genes transcribed by RNA Polymerase II is vital in maintaining various cellular processes including differentiation and development. Gene expression involves the synthesis, processing and export of mRNA from nucleus to cytoplasm for translation to proteins. Misregulation of any of these steps or altered gene expression is associated with cellular malfunctions. Therefore, a large number of studies have been focused on understanding these steps towards regulation of gene expression. Here, we discuss the steps associated with the life of mRNA and the application of high-throughput methods in genome-wide analysis of mRNA.