ABSTRACT In this work, the cardiotoxicity of Dysphania ambrosioides and Coronopus didymus hydroalcoholic leaf extracts in cockroach semi-isolated heart preparation was assessed and their secondary metabolites were identified. The hydroalcoholic leaf extracts (0.2%) were obtained using a maceration method. The experiments were carried out using different concentrations (150, 300, 600 and 1200 µg) of these extracts in a final volume of 150 µL (n = 4) which were then added directly onto the preparations with heart rate (beats per min) being monitored under stereoscopy for 30 min. The extracts were phytochemically screened to identify their potential active compounds. In those preparations treated with D. ambrosioides and C. didymus extracts (150 and 300 µg) there was no alteration in heart rate whereas the highest concentrations (600 and 1200 µg) produced an immediate and potent blockade of the heart beats. The phytochemistry analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids and tannins as secondary metabolites in both extracts. In conclusion, D. ambrosioides and C. didymus hydroalcoholic leaf extracts show potent cardiotoxicity in cockroach semi-isolated heart preparation, which may be associated with the alkaloids and/or tannins present in these extracts.
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