ABSTRACT Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve survival in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but, unfortunately, only a minority clearly benefits from ICIs, and treatment options after progression to these agents are limited and not very effective. Patients with oligometastatic disease may benefit from local treatments such as radiotherapy, achieving better local control rates, delaying progression and improving survival. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) allows to deliver high radiation doses, with much less toxicity. Furthermore, radiotherapy has several immunomodulatory effects that could enhance the activity of ICIs and this synergy seems to be improved with SBRT. Our aim was to review the evidence supporting the use of SBRT in patients with metastatic NSCLC with oligoprogressive disease after an initial benefit with ICIs.
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