β-catenin is a multifunctional protein. β-catenin is a cell junctional protein that is found within adherens junctions, where its binding to the intracellular domain of cadherins helps link these complexes to the actin cytoskeleton. β-catenin is also a transcriptional enhancer protein, whose interaction and regulation of specific genes elaborate the transducing signals initiated by binding of Wnt proteins to their cell membrane receptors. One question about β-catenin that has yet to be fully answered concerns how or if the cell junctional and transcriptional functions of β-catenin are connected. This essay will summarize the current understanding of the dual roles that β-catenin plays, evaluate whether there is an interconnection and/or interrelationship between the diverse functions of this protein, and if the two functions of this regulatory protein are distinctly regulated. The question to be proposed is whether this information can collectively produce a unitary regulatory framework on how β-catenin regulates the overall biology of the cell and organism.