With an increasingly elderly population, Alzheimer`s Disease (AD), the major form of dementia in the elderly, is a major social and medical problem. The identification of potential treatments for AD is therefore of paramount importance in an increasingly elderly population. Given its genetic basis, the development of a suitable transgenic model for AD would greatly facilitate the understanding of the disease process and lead to possible treatment. Transgenic animal modelling of AD has primarily centred around the amyloid precursor protein (APP), mutations which give rise to rare forms of early onset familial AD (FAD). Numerous attempts to produce models of AD by a transgenic approach using APP have yielded poor results though the rare successes have provided valuable information on how to produce transgenic models in the future. Construct preparation appears a key feature requiring the presence of very strong promoter elements coupled to intronic sequences and then the cDNA or preferably genomic sequences. The need for intronic sequences appears a key feature for successful translation of mRNA into protein. Curiously strain of animal has a bearing on the type of response to the transgene, with certain strains producing artifactual pathology, and others non-AD pathology. The addition of other AD causing genes, such as Presenilin 1 can enhance pathology and knockout of AD genes such as Apolipoprotein E can reduce pathology. The scene is now set such that with close attention paid to construct preparation, the use of certain strains of animal, and cross breeding with other AD transgenic animals, it will be possible to successfully reproduce AD pathology and utilise transgenics in the identification of new therapies.