Amphiphiles are molecular compounds which with both polar and non-polar moei-ties. They are thus suitable for inducing membrane disruption in order to study the membrane composition, since since they penetrate in the bilayer. Of the several biological membranes studies, erythrocytes provide the more suitable membranes for this purpose. Amphiphiles may induce haemolysis or protection against hypotonic shock depending on their concentration and structure. Shape changes have also been reported after incubation with amphiphiles. Despite several studies, more are required, as the process is not fully understand. Here, some of the literature is reviewed and results of the interaction between amphiphilic molecules and membranes are reported.