A new emerging virus named Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently gained significant attention, captured the headlines and spread panic among people due to the threat it poses to their health and well-being. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the virology of this novel virus, shedding light on its morphology, genetics, and process of replication. Furthermore, it delves into the origin of the virus and describes the diverse routes through which it spreads, as well as our body`s immune response against it. Understanding the fundamental characteristics of the MPXV is crucial in order to comprehend its potential impact on public health. Also, exploring its genetics, and studying its replication would aid in the development of effective diagnostic methods and potential treatments, and to identify specific genes and proteins that contribute to its virulence and pathogenicity. While the likelihood of MPXV becoming a pandemic may be low, comprehensive knowledge about the virus and its modes of transmission is crucial to prevent the possibility of large-scale outbreaks. By staying informed and implementing appropriate preventive measures, we can effectively mitigate the impact of this emerging virus and safeguard public health.