Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While men in the general population develop CVD earlier than women, this sex difference is attenuated or reversed in T2DM, with women experiencing a disproportionately higher cardiovascular risk and worse outcomes. Over the past decades, cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) have demonstrated that newer glucose-lowering therapies, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2Is), provide significant cardiovascular protection beyond glycaemic control. However, whether these benefits differ by sex remains an unresolved question. Evidence from randomized controlled trials, post-hoc analyses, and meta-analyses suggests that women may derive a relatively greater cardiovascular benefit from GLP-1RAs compared with men. In contrast, data for SGLT-2Is are less consistent, with earlier studies indicating a greater benefit in men, whereas more recent meta-analyses report comparable or potentially greater cardiovascular risk reduction in women. Interpretation of these findings is complicated by heterogeneity in trial populations, differences in baseline cardiovascular risk, and the persistent underrepresentation of women in CVOTs. Overall, current evidence is insufficient to establish definitive sex-specific differences in the cardioprotective effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2Is. Future prospective, adequately powered randomized studies with prespecified sex-based analyses are essential to clarify these differences and to support personalized cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in patients with T2DM of both sexes.