ABSTRACT Defects on B-cells populations during the course of HIV infection cause a number of abnormalities in the immune system like the impaired production of antibodies. In HIV infection, antibodies with capacity to neutralize autologous primary isolates usually develop early during primary infection but this capacity is reduced as the disease progresses. Even though antibodies are important to prevent many viral infections, the new virus variants that emerge during the course of the disease are often neutralization resistant. This creates problems in the design of an effective vaccine against HIV able to induce neutralizing antibodies against conserved B-cell epitopes that can block the virus before the cells become infected. This review deals with the role of systemic and mucosal antibodies, the passive transfer of antibodies and different vaccine approaches that induces neutralizing antibodies.
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