Solid wastes are produced in increasing amounts on a continuing basis from a variety of domestic, industrial, hospital, agricultural and power sources. These have been and are being disposed of by adopting a wide variety of practices varying from dumping or buring in open lands, pits, back yards and street corners to landfilling, incineration, composting, animal feeding, ocean disposal, pyrolysis, thermochemical gasification and thermochemical liquefaction. These techniques have been discussed with special emphasis on sanitary landfilling and incineration technologies which have great future potential and promise for both solid waste disposal and energy recovery. The importance of an organized solid waste management plan comprising of source reduction, recycle and reuse, combustion with pollution control for volume reduction and energy recovery, and sanitary landfilling of the remains is emphasized. Proper selection and details of the entire waste management plan will depend upon adequate integration of several factors such as the physical location of the site in relation to its surrounding population, nature and amount of waste, and environmental constraints. Some of the research needs for accomplishing successful and acceptable waste management practices have been pointed out.